比较BIRCH和MiniBatchKMeans#

此示例比较了BIRCH（有和没有全局集群步骤）和MiniBatchKMeans在具有25，000个样本和使用make_blobs生成的2个特征的合成数据集中的时间。

两 MiniBatchKMeans 和 BIRCH 是非常可扩展的算法，可以在数十万甚至数百万个数据点上高效运行。为了保持持续集成资源使用的合理性，我们选择限制此示例的数据集大小，但感兴趣的读者可能会喜欢编辑此脚本，以使其具有更大的值 n_samples .

如果 n_clusters 设置为无，则数据将从25，000个样本减少到一组158个集群。这可以被视为最终（全局）集群步骤之前的预处理步骤，该步骤将这158个集群进一步减少到100个集群。

BIRCH without global clustering, BIRCH with global clustering, MiniBatchKMeans

BIRCH without global clustering as the final step took 0.35 seconds
n_clusters : 158
BIRCH with global clustering as the final step took 0.35 seconds
n_clusters : 100
Time taken to run MiniBatchKMeans 0.19 seconds

# Authors: The scikit-learn developers
# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause

from itertools import cycle
from time import time

import matplotlib.colors as colors
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from joblib import cpu_count

from sklearn.cluster import Birch, MiniBatchKMeans
from sklearn.datasets import make_blobs

# Generate centers for the blobs so that it forms a 10 X 10 grid.
xx = np.linspace(-22, 22, 10)
yy = np.linspace(-22, 22, 10)
xx, yy = np.meshgrid(xx, yy)
n_centers = np.hstack((np.ravel(xx)[:, np.newaxis], np.ravel(yy)[:, np.newaxis]))

# Generate blobs to do a comparison between MiniBatchKMeans and BIRCH.
X, y = make_blobs(n_samples=25000, centers=n_centers, random_state=0)

# Use all colors that matplotlib provides by default.
colors_ = cycle(colors.cnames.keys())

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12, 4))
fig.subplots_adjust(left=0.04, right=0.98, bottom=0.1, top=0.9)

# Compute clustering with BIRCH with and without the final clustering step
# and plot.
birch_models = [
    Birch(threshold=1.7, n_clusters=None),
    Birch(threshold=1.7, n_clusters=100),
]
final_step = ["without global clustering", "with global clustering"]

for ind, (birch_model, info) in enumerate(zip(birch_models, final_step)):
    t = time()
    birch_model.fit(X)
    print("BIRCH %s as the final step took %0.2f seconds" % (info, (time() - t)))

    # Plot result
    labels = birch_model.labels_
    centroids = birch_model.subcluster_centers_
    n_clusters = np.unique(labels).size
    print("n_clusters : %d" % n_clusters)

    ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 3, ind + 1)
    for this_centroid, k, col in zip(centroids, range(n_clusters), colors_):
        mask = labels == k
        ax.scatter(X[mask, 0], X[mask, 1], c="w", edgecolor=col, marker=".", alpha=0.5)
        if birch_model.n_clusters is None:
            ax.scatter(this_centroid[0], this_centroid[1], marker="+", c="k", s=25)
    ax.set_ylim([-25, 25])
    ax.set_xlim([-25, 25])
    ax.set_autoscaley_on(False)
    ax.set_title("BIRCH %s" % info)

# Compute clustering with MiniBatchKMeans.
mbk = MiniBatchKMeans(
    init="k-means++",
    n_clusters=100,
    batch_size=256 * cpu_count(),
    n_init=10,
    max_no_improvement=10,
    verbose=0,
    random_state=0,
)
t0 = time()
mbk.fit(X)
t_mini_batch = time() - t0
print("Time taken to run MiniBatchKMeans %0.2f seconds" % t_mini_batch)
mbk_means_labels_unique = np.unique(mbk.labels_)

ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 3, 3)
for this_centroid, k, col in zip(mbk.cluster_centers_, range(n_clusters), colors_):
    mask = mbk.labels_ == k
    ax.scatter(X[mask, 0], X[mask, 1], marker=".", c="w", edgecolor=col, alpha=0.5)
    ax.scatter(this_centroid[0], this_centroid[1], marker="+", c="k", s=25)
ax.set_xlim([-25, 25])
ax.set_ylim([-25, 25])
ax.set_title("MiniBatchKMeans")
ax.set_autoscaley_on(False)
plt.show()

Total running time of the script: （0分2.641秒）