皮蒙克物理引擎-钉板#

它使用皮蒙克物理引擎来模拟落入钉板上的球。

钉板示例的屏幕截图。
pybmunk_pegboard.py#
  1"""
  2Use Pymunk physics engine.
  3
  4For more info on Pymunk see:
  5https://www.pymunk.org/en/latest/
  6
  7To install pymunk:
  8pip install pymunk
  9
 10Artwork from https://kenney.nl
 11
 12If Python and Arcade are installed, this example can be run from the command line with:
 13python -m arcade.examples.pymunk_pegboard
 14
 15Click and drag with the mouse to move the boxes.
 16"""
 17
 18import arcade
 19import pymunk
 20import random
 21import timeit
 22import math
 23
 24SCREEN_WIDTH = 800
 25SCREEN_HEIGHT = 800
 26SCREEN_TITLE = "Pymunk Pegboard Example"
 27
 28
 29class CircleSprite(arcade.Sprite):
 30    def __init__(self, filename, pymunk_shape):
 31        super().__init__(filename, center_x=pymunk_shape.body.position.x, center_y=pymunk_shape.body.position.y)
 32        self.width = pymunk_shape.radius * 2
 33        self.height = pymunk_shape.radius * 2
 34        self.pymunk_shape = pymunk_shape
 35
 36
 37class MyGame(arcade.Window):
 38    """ Main application class. """
 39
 40    def __init__(self, width, height, title):
 41        super().__init__(width, height, title)
 42
 43        self.peg_list = arcade.SpriteList()
 44        self.ball_list: arcade.SpriteList[CircleSprite] = arcade.SpriteList()
 45        self.background_color = arcade.color.DARK_SLATE_GRAY
 46
 47        self.draw_time = 0
 48        self.processing_time = 0
 49        self.time = 0
 50
 51        # -- Pymunk
 52        self.space = pymunk.Space()
 53        self.space.gravity = (0.0, -900.0)
 54
 55        self.static_lines = []
 56
 57        self.ticks_to_next_ball = 10
 58
 59        body = pymunk.Body(body_type=pymunk.Body.STATIC)
 60        shape = pymunk.Segment(body, (0, 10), (SCREEN_WIDTH, 10), 0.0)
 61        shape.friction = 10
 62        self.space.add(shape, body)
 63        self.static_lines.append(shape)
 64
 65        body = pymunk.Body(body_type=pymunk.Body.STATIC)
 66        shape = pymunk.Segment(body, (SCREEN_WIDTH - 50, 10), (SCREEN_WIDTH, 30), 0.0)
 67        shape.friction = 10
 68        self.space.add(shape, body)
 69        self.static_lines.append(shape)
 70
 71        body = pymunk.Body(body_type=pymunk.Body.STATIC)
 72        shape = pymunk.Segment(body, (50, 10), (0, 30), 0.0)
 73        shape.friction = 10
 74        self.space.add(shape, body)
 75        self.static_lines.append(shape)
 76
 77        radius = 20
 78        separation = 150
 79        for row in range(6):
 80            for column in range(6):
 81                x = column * separation + (separation // 2 * (row % 2))
 82                y = row * separation + separation // 2
 83                body = pymunk.Body(body_type=pymunk.Body.STATIC)
 84                body.position = x, y
 85                shape = pymunk.Circle(body, radius, pymunk.Vec2d(0, 0))
 86                shape.friction = 0.3
 87                self.space.add(body, shape)
 88
 89                sprite = CircleSprite(":resources:images/pinball/bumper.png", shape)
 90                self.peg_list.append(sprite)
 91
 92    def on_draw(self):
 93        """
 94        Render the screen.
 95        """
 96
 97        # This command has to happen before we start drawing
 98        self.clear()
 99
100        draw_start_time = timeit.default_timer()
101        self.peg_list.draw()
102        self.ball_list.draw()
103
104        for line in self.static_lines:
105            body = line.body
106
107            pv1 = body.position + line.a.rotated(body.angle)
108            pv2 = body.position + line.b.rotated(body.angle)
109            arcade.draw_line(pv1.x, pv1.y, pv2.x, pv2.y, arcade.color.WHITE, 2)
110
111        # Display timings
112        output = f"Processing time: {self.processing_time:.3f}"
113        arcade.draw_text(output, 20, SCREEN_HEIGHT - 20, arcade.color.WHITE, 12)
114
115        output = f"Drawing time: {self.draw_time:.3f}"
116        arcade.draw_text(output, 20, SCREEN_HEIGHT - 40, arcade.color.WHITE, 12)
117
118        self.draw_time = timeit.default_timer() - draw_start_time
119
120    def on_update(self, delta_time):
121        start_time = timeit.default_timer()
122
123        self.ticks_to_next_ball -= 1
124        if self.ticks_to_next_ball <= 0:
125            self.ticks_to_next_ball = 20
126            mass = 0.5
127            radius = 15
128            inertia = pymunk.moment_for_circle(mass, 0, radius, (0, 0))
129            body = pymunk.Body(mass, inertia)
130            x = random.randint(0, SCREEN_WIDTH)
131            y = SCREEN_HEIGHT
132            body.position = x, y
133            shape = pymunk.Circle(body, radius, pymunk.Vec2d(0, 0))
134            shape.friction = 0.3
135            self.space.add(body, shape)
136
137            sprite = CircleSprite(":resources:images/items/gold_1.png", shape)
138            self.ball_list.append(sprite)
139
140        # Check for balls that fall off the screen
141        ball: CircleSprite
142        for ball in self.ball_list:
143            if ball.pymunk_shape.body.position.y < 0:
144                # Remove balls from physics space
145                self.space.remove(ball.pymunk_shape, ball.pymunk_shape.body)
146                # Remove balls from physics list
147                ball.remove_from_sprite_lists()
148
149        # Update physics
150        # Use a constant time step, don't use delta_time
151        # See "Game loop / moving time forward"
152        # https://www.pymunk.org/en/latest/overview.html#game-loop-moving-time-forward
153        self.space.step(1 / 60.0)
154
155        # Move sprites to where physics objects are
156        for ball in self.ball_list:
157            ball.center_x = ball.pymunk_shape.body.position.x
158            ball.center_y = ball.pymunk_shape.body.position.y
159            # Reverse angle because pymunk rotates ccw
160            ball.angle = math.degrees(-ball.pymunk_shape.body.angle)
161
162        self.time = timeit.default_timer() - start_time
163
164
165def main():
166    MyGame(SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_TITLE)
167
168    arcade.run()
169
170
171if __name__ == "__main__":
172    main()