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使用GeoPlot和GeoPandas进行打印#
Geoplot 是一个Python库，提供了一系列易于使用的地理空间可视化。它建在较低的一层之上 CartoPy ，在本教程的单独一节中介绍，旨在使用GeoPandas输入。
此示例简要介绍了 geoplot API. For more details on the library refer to its documentation 。
首先，我们将使用GeoPandas加载数据。
[1]:
import geopandas
import geoplot
world = geopandas.read_file(
geopandas.datasets.get_path('naturalearth_lowres')
)
boroughs = geopandas.read_file(
geoplot.datasets.get_path('nyc_boroughs')
)
collisions = geopandas.read_file(
geoplot.datasets.get_path('nyc_injurious_collisions')
)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ModuleNotFoundError Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [1], in <cell line: 2>()
1 import geopandas
----> 2 import geoplot
4 world = geopandas.read_file(
5 geopandas.datasets.get_path('naturalearth_lowres')
6 )
7 boroughs = geopandas.read_file(
8 geoplot.datasets.get_path('nyc_boroughs')
9 )
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'geoplot'
使用GeoPlot进行打印#
我们首先使用GeoPlot复制基本的GeoPandas世界图。
[2]:
geoplot.polyplot(world, figsize=(8, 4))
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [2], in <cell line: 1>()
----> 1 geoplot.polyplot(world, figsize=(8, 4))
NameError: name 'geoplot' is not defined
GeoPlot可以将数据重新投影到CartoPy提供的任何地图投影中(请参阅列表 here )。
[3]:
# use the Orthographic map projection (e.g. a world globe)
ax = geoplot.polyplot(
world, projection=geoplot.crs.Orthographic(), figsize=(8, 4)
)
ax.outline_patch.set_visible(True)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [3], in <cell line: 2>()
1 # use the Orthographic map projection (e.g. a world globe)
----> 2 ax = geoplot.polyplot(
3 world, projection=geoplot.crs.Orthographic(), figsize=(8, 4)
4 )
5 ax.outline_patch.set_visible(True)
NameError: name 'geoplot' is not defined
polyplot is trivial and can only plot the geometries you pass to it. If you want to use color as a visual variable, specify a choropleth. Here we sort GDP per person by country into five buckets by color, using “quantiles” binning from the Mapclassify 类库。
[4]:
import mapclassify
gpd_per_person = world['gdp_md_est'] / world['pop_est']
scheme = mapclassify.Quantiles(gpd_per_person, k=5)
# Note: this code sample requires geoplot>=0.4.0.
geoplot.choropleth(
world, hue=gpd_per_person, scheme=scheme,
cmap='Greens', figsize=(8, 4)
)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ModuleNotFoundError Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [4], in <cell line: 1>()
----> 1 import mapclassify
2 gpd_per_person = world['gdp_md_est'] / world['pop_est']
3 scheme = mapclassify.Quantiles(gpd_per_person, k=5)
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'mapclassify'
如果要将大小用作可视变量，请使用 cartogram 。以下是对非洲国家的人口估计。
[5]:
africa = world.query('continent == "Africa"')
ax = geoplot.cartogram(
africa, scale='pop_est', limits=(0.2, 1),
edgecolor='None', figsize=(7, 8)
)
geoplot.polyplot(africa, edgecolor='gray', ax=ax)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [5], in <cell line: 1>()
----> 1 africa = world.query('continent == "Africa"')
2 ax = geoplot.cartogram(
3 africa, scale='pop_est', limits=(0.2, 1),
4 edgecolor='None', figsize=(7, 8)
5 )
6 geoplot.polyplot(africa, edgecolor='gray', ax=ax)
NameError: name 'world' is not defined
如果我们拥有空间点形状的数据，我们可以使用以下命令在其上生成三维热图 kdeplot 。
[6]:
ax = geoplot.kdeplot(
collisions.head(1000), clip=boroughs.geometry,
shade=True, cmap='Reds',
projection=geoplot.crs.AlbersEqualArea())
geoplot.polyplot(boroughs, ax=ax, zorder=1)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [6], in <cell line: 1>()
----> 1 ax = geoplot.kdeplot(
2 collisions.head(1000), clip=boroughs.geometry,
3 shade=True, cmap='Reds',
4 projection=geoplot.crs.AlbersEqualArea())
5 geoplot.polyplot(boroughs, ax=ax, zorder=1)
NameError: name 'geoplot' is not defined
这些只是您可以使用GeoPlot制作的部分地块。还有许多其他可能性没有在这篇简短的介绍中涵盖。有关更多示例，请参阅 Gallery 在GeoPlot文档中。