# 多项式¶

## 一元多项式¶

sage: R = PolynomialRing(QQ, 't')
sage: R
Univariate Polynomial Ring in t over Rational Field


sage: S = QQ['t']
sage: S == R
True


sage: R.<t> = PolynomialRing(QQ)


sage: R.<t> = QQ['t']


sage: R.<t> = QQ[]


sage: poly = (t+1) * (t+2); poly
t^2 + 3*t + 2
sage: poly in R
True


sage: R = PolynomialRing(QQ, 't')
sage: t = R.0
sage: t in R
True


sage: CC
Complex Field with 53 bits of precision
sage: CC.0  # 0th generator of CC
1.00000000000000*I


sage: R, t = QQ['t'].objgen()
sage: t    = QQ['t'].gen()
sage: R, t = objgen(QQ['t'])
sage: t    = gen(QQ['t'])


sage: R, t = QQ['t'].objgen()
sage: f = 2*t^7 + 3*t^2 - 15/19
sage: f^2
4*t^14 + 12*t^9 - 60/19*t^7 + 9*t^4 - 90/19*t^2 + 225/361
sage: cyclo = R.cyclotomic_polynomial(7); cyclo
t^6 + t^5 + t^4 + t^3 + t^2 + t + 1
sage: g = 7 * cyclo * t^5 * (t^5 + 10*t + 2)
sage: g
7*t^16 + 7*t^15 + 7*t^14 + 7*t^13 + 77*t^12 + 91*t^11 + 91*t^10 + 84*t^9
+ 84*t^8 + 84*t^7 + 84*t^6 + 14*t^5
sage: F = factor(g); F
(7) * t^5 * (t^5 + 10*t + 2) * (t^6 + t^5 + t^4 + t^3 + t^2 + t + 1)
sage: F.unit()
7
sage: list(F)
[(t, 5), (t^5 + 10*t + 2, 1), (t^6 + t^5 + t^4 + t^3 + t^2 + t + 1, 1)]


sage: x = QQ['x'].0
sage: f = x^3 + 1; g = x^2 - 17
sage: h = f/g;  h
(x^3 + 1)/(x^2 - 17)
sage: h.parent()
Fraction Field of Univariate Polynomial Ring in x over Rational Field


sage: R.<x> = LaurentSeriesRing(QQ); R
Laurent Series Ring in x over Rational Field
sage: 1/(1-x) + O(x^10)
1 + x + x^2 + x^3 + x^4 + x^5 + x^6 + x^7 + x^8 + x^9 + O(x^10)


sage: R.<x> = PolynomialRing(QQ)
sage: S.<y> = PolynomialRing(QQ)
sage: x == y
False
sage: R == S
False
sage: R(y)
x
sage: R(y^2 - 17)
x^2 - 17


sage: R = PolynomialRing(QQ, "x")
sage: T = PolynomialRing(QQ, "x")
sage: R == T
True
sage: R is T
True
sage: R.0 == T.0
True


Sage还支持幂级数和Laurent级数环超过任何基环。在下面的示例中，我们创建 $$\GF{{7}}[[T]]$$ 然后除以创建一个元素 $$\GF{{7}}((T))$$ .

sage: R.<T> = PowerSeriesRing(GF(7)); R
Power Series Ring in T over Finite Field of size 7
sage: f = T  + 3*T^2 + T^3 + O(T^4)
sage: f^3
T^3 + 2*T^4 + 2*T^5 + O(T^6)
sage: 1/f
T^-1 + 4 + T + O(T^2)
sage: parent(1/f)
Laurent Series Ring in T over Finite Field of size 7


sage: GF(7)[['T']]
Power Series Ring in T over Finite Field of size 7


## 多元多项式¶

sage: R = PolynomialRing(GF(5),3,"z") # here, 3 = number of variables
sage: R
Multivariate Polynomial Ring in z0, z1, z2 over Finite Field of size 5


sage: GF(5)['z0, z1, z2']
Multivariate Polynomial Ring in z0, z1, z2 over Finite Field of size 5
sage: R.<z0,z1,z2> = GF(5)[]; R
Multivariate Polynomial Ring in z0, z1, z2 over Finite Field of size 5


sage: PolynomialRing(GF(5), 3, 'xyz')
Multivariate Polynomial Ring in x, y, z over Finite Field of size 5


sage: z = GF(5)['z0, z1, z2'].gens()
sage: z
(z0, z1, z2)
sage: (z[0]+z[1]+z[2])^2
z0^2 + 2*z0*z1 + z1^2 + 2*z0*z2 + 2*z1*z2 + z2^2


sage: R = GF(5)['x,y,z']
sage: x,y,z = R.gens()
sage: QQ['x']
Univariate Polynomial Ring in x over Rational Field
sage: QQ['x,y'].gens()
(x, y)
sage: QQ['x'].objgens()
(Univariate Polynomial Ring in x over Rational Field, (x,))


sage: R, (x, y) = PolynomialRing(RationalField(), 2, 'xy').objgens()
sage: f = (x^3 + 2*y^2*x)^2
sage: g = x^2*y^2
sage: f.gcd(g)
x^2


sage: I = (f, g)*R; I
Ideal (x^6 + 4*x^4*y^2 + 4*x^2*y^4, x^2*y^2) of Multivariate Polynomial
Ring in x, y over Rational Field
sage: B = I.groebner_basis(); B
[x^6, x^2*y^2]
sage: x^2 in I
False


sage: B.universe()
Multivariate Polynomial Ring in x, y over Rational Field
sage: B[1] = x
Traceback (most recent call last):
...


sage: I.primary_decomposition()
[Ideal (x^2) of Multivariate Polynomial Ring in x, y over Rational Field,
Ideal (y^2, x^6) of Multivariate Polynomial Ring in x, y over Rational Field]
sage: I.associated_primes()
[Ideal (x) of Multivariate Polynomial Ring in x, y over Rational Field,
Ideal (y, x) of Multivariate Polynomial Ring in x, y over Rational Field]