摘要: 1、mii-tool 配置网络设备协商方式的工具 1.1 mii-tool 介绍 mii-tool - view, manipulate media- independent interface status (mii-tool 是查看,管理介质的网络接口的状...
1、mii-tool 配置网络设备协商方式的工具
1.1 mii-tool 介绍
mii-tool - view, manipulate media- independent interface status (mii-tool 是查看,管理介质的网络接口的状态) 有时网卡需要配置协商方式 ,比如10/100/1000M的网卡半双工、全双工、自动协商的配置 。但大多数的网络设备是不用我们来修改协商,因为大多数网络设置接入的时候,都采用自动协商来解决相互通信的问题。不过自动协商也不是万能的,有时也会出 现错误,比如丢包率比较高,这时就要我们来指定网卡的协商方式 。 mii-tool 就是能指定网卡的协商方式。下面我们说一说mii-tool的用法;
1.2 mii-tool 的用法;
mii-tool 在更改网络设备通信协商方式的方法比较简单,用 -v 参数来查看网络接口的状态;看下面的例子; mii-tool更改网络接口协商的方法;
[root@localhost ~]# mii-tool --help usage: mii-tool [-VvRrwl] [-A media,... | -F media] [interface ...] * -V, --version display version information * -v, --verbose more verbose output 注:显示网络接口的信息; * -R, --reset resetMII to poweron state 注:重设MII到开启状态; * -r, --restart restart autonegotiation 注:重启自动协商模式; * -w, --watch monitor for link status changes 注:查看网络接口连接的状态变化; * -l, --log with -w, write events to syslog 注:写入事件到系统日志; * -A, --advertise=media,...advertise only specified media 注:指令特定的网络接口; * -F, --force=media force specified media technology 注:更改网络接口协商方式; * media: 100baseT4, 100baseTx-FD, 100baseTx-HD, 10baseT-FD, 10baseT-HD, (to advertise both HD and FD) 100baseTx, 10baseT *
实例一:查看网络接口的协商状态;
[root@localhost ~]# mii-tool -v eth0 eth0: negotiated 100baseTx-FD, link ok product info: vendor 00:00:00, model 0 rev 0 basic mode: autonegotiation enabled basic status: autonegotiation complete, link ok capabilities: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD advertising: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD link partner: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD flow-control
注:上面的例子,我们可以看得到是自动协商。
实例二:更改网络接口协商方式; 更改网络接口的协商方式,我们要用到-F选项,后面可以接 100baseT4, 100baseTx-FD, 100baseTx-HD, 10baseT-FD, 10baseT-HD等参数; 如果我们想把网络接口eth0改为1000Mb/s全双工的模式应该怎么办呢?
[root@localhost ~]# mii-tool -F 100baseTx-FD [root@localhost ~]#mii-tool -v eth0 eth0: 100 Mbit, full duplex, link ok product info: vendor 00:00:00, model 0 rev 0 basic mode: 100 Mbit, full duplex basic status: link ok capabilities: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD advertising: 100baseTx-FD 100baseTx-HD 10baseT-FD 10baseT-HD
注:是不是已经改过来了?当然,我们也一样用ethtool 工具来更改,比如执行下面的命令;
[root@localhost ~]# ethtool -s eth0 speed 100 duplex full
2、ethtool 工具关于网络协商功能介绍;
ethtool - Display or change ethernet card settings(ethtool 是用来显示和更改网卡设置的工具);这个工具比较复杂,功能也特别多。由于洋文比较难懂。所以我们还是把网络设备协商方式的设置方法说一说。
2.1 ethtool显示网络端口设置功能; 这个功能比较好办。就是ethtool 后面直接接网絽接口就行;比如下面的例子;
[root@localhost ~]# ethtool eth0 Settings for eth0: Supported ports: [ TP MII ] Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full Supports auto-negotiation: Yes Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full Advertised auto-negotiation: No 注:自动协商关闭 Speed: 100Mb/s 注:速度 100Mb Duplex: Full 注:全双工 Port: MII PHYAD: 32 Transceiver:internal Auto-negotiation: off Supports Wake-on: pumbg Wake-on: d Current message level: 0x00000007 (7) Link detected: yes 注:eth0已经激活;
2.2 ethtool
设置网卡的协商模式; 在ethtool的-h帮助中我们查看到有这样的帮助信息;
ethtool -s DEVNAME [ speed 10|100|1000] [ duplex half|full ] [ port tp|aui|bnc|mii|fibre ] [ autoneg on|off ]
实例一:
把网卡eth0 速度改为10Mb/s,采用半双工;
[root@cuc03 beinan]# ethtool -s eth1 speed 10 duplex half
[root@cuc03 beinan]# ethtool eth1 Settings for eth1: Supported ports: [TP MII ] Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full Supports auto-negotiation: Yes Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full Advertised auto-negotiation: No Speed: 10Mb/s 注:速度 10M/s Duplex: Half 注:半双工 Port: MII PHYAD:32 Transceiver: internal Auto-negotiation: off Supports Wake-on: pumbg Wake-on: d Current message level: 0x00000007 (7) Link detected: no 注:eth1没有激活;
实例二: 把网卡eth0 速度改为100Mb/s,采用全双工;
[root@cuc03 beinan]# ethtool -s eth1 speed 100 duplex full
[root@cuc03 beinan]# ethtool eth1 Settings for eth1: Supported ports: [ TP MII ] Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full Supports auto-negotiation: Yes Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full 100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full Advertised auto-negotiation: No Speed: 100Mb/s 注:速度 100M/s Duplex: Full 注:全双工 Port: MII PHYAD:32 Transceiver: internal Auto-negotiation: off Supports Wake-on: pumbg Wake-on: d Current message level: 0x00000007 (7) Link detected: no 注:eth1网卡没有激活;