格奥德¶
pyproj.Geod¶
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class
pyproj.Geod(initstring=None, **kwargs)[源代码]¶ 基类：
pyproj._geod.Geod进行正反大地测量或大圆计算。前向计算（使用“fwd”方法）涉及确定计算的纬度、经度和后方位角。前向计算（使用“fwd”方法）涉及确定一个终点的纬度、经度和后方位角，给定一个起点的纬度和经度，再加上方位角和距离。逆计算（使用“inv”方法）涉及确定给定初始点和终点的纬度和经度的前后方位角和距离。
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__init__(initstring=None, **kwargs)[源代码]¶ 初始化geod类实例。
用于指定椭球体的大地测量参数可以在字典“initparams”中作为关键字参数或作为proj4 geod初始化字符串提供。以下是可以使用“ellps”关键字定义的椭球体列表（这些椭球体存储在模型变量pj_ellps中）：：
MERIT a=6378137.0 rf=298.257 MERIT 1983 SGS85 a=6378136.0 rf=298.257 Soviet Geodetic System 85 GRS80 a=6378137.0 rf=298.257222101 GRS 1980(IUGG, 1980) IAU76 a=6378140.0 rf=298.257 IAU 1976 airy a=6377563.396 b=6356256.910 Airy 1830 APL4.9 a=6378137.0. rf=298.25 Appl. Physics. 1965 airy a=6377563.396 b=6356256.910 Airy 1830 APL4.9 a=6378137.0. rf=298.25 Appl. Physics. 1965 NWL9D a=6378145.0. rf=298.25 Naval Weapons Lab., 1965 mod_airy a=6377340.189 b=6356034.446 Modified Airy andrae a=6377104.43 rf=300.0 Andrae 1876 (Den., Iclnd.) aust_SA a=6378160.0 rf=298.25 Australian Natl & S. Amer. 1969 GRS67 a=6378160.0 rf=298.247167427 GRS 67(IUGG 1967) bessel a=6377397.155 rf=299.1528128 Bessel 1841 bess_nam a=6377483.865 rf=299.1528128 Bessel 1841 (Namibia) clrk66 a=6378206.4 b=6356583.8 Clarke 1866 clrk80 a=6378249.145 rf=293.4663 Clarke 1880 mod. CPM a=6375738.7 rf=334.29 Comm. des Poids et Mesures 1799 delmbr a=6376428. rf=311.5 Delambre 1810 (Belgium) engelis a=6378136.05 rf=298.2566 Engelis 1985 evrst30 a=6377276.345 rf=300.8017 Everest 1830 evrst48 a=6377304.063 rf=300.8017 Everest 1948 evrst56 a=6377301.243 rf=300.8017 Everest 1956 evrst69 a=6377295.664 rf=300.8017 Everest 1969 evrstSS a=6377298.556 rf=300.8017 Everest (Sabah & Sarawak) fschr60 a=6378166. rf=298.3 Fischer (Mercury Datum) 1960 fschr60m a=6378155. rf=298.3 Modified Fischer 1960 fschr68 a=6378150. rf=298.3 Fischer 1968 helmert a=6378200. rf=298.3 Helmert 1906 hough a=6378270.0 rf=297. Hough helmert a=6378200. rf=298.3 Helmert 1906 hough a=6378270.0 rf=297. Hough intl a=6378388.0 rf=297. International 1909 (Hayford) krass a=6378245.0 rf=298.3 Krassovsky, 1942 kaula a=6378163. rf=298.24 Kaula 1961 lerch a=6378139. rf=298.257 Lerch 1979 mprts a=6397300. rf=191. Maupertius 1738 new_intl a=6378157.5 b=6356772.2 New International 1967 plessis a=6376523. b=6355863. Plessis 1817 (France) SEasia a=6378155.0 b=6356773.3205 Southeast Asia walbeck a=6376896.0 b=6355834.8467 Walbeck WGS60 a=6378165.0 rf=298.3 WGS 60 WGS66 a=6378145.0 rf=298.25 WGS 66 WGS72 a=6378135.0 rf=298.26 WGS 72 WGS84 a=6378137.0 rf=298.257223563 WGS 84 sphere a=6370997.0 b=6370997.0 Normal Sphere (r=6370997)
椭球体的参数也可以直接使用“A”（半长轴或赤道轴半径）关键字和以下任何关键字设置：“B”（半短轴或极轴半径）、“E”（偏心率）、“ES”（偏心率平方）、“F”（平展）或“RF”（倒数平展）。
请参阅proj文档（https://github.com/osgeo/proj.4/wiki），了解有关指定椭球体参数的更多信息（具体来说，请参阅proj主用户手册中的“指定地球图形”一章）。
示例用法：
>>> from pyproj import Geod >>> g = Geod(ellps='clrk66') # Use Clarke 1866 ellipsoid. >>> # specify the lat/lons of some cities. >>> boston_lat = 42.+(15./60.); boston_lon = -71.-(7./60.) >>> portland_lat = 45.+(31./60.); portland_lon = -123.-(41./60.) >>> newyork_lat = 40.+(47./60.); newyork_lon = -73.-(58./60.) >>> london_lat = 51.+(32./60.); london_lon = -(5./60.) >>> # compute forward and back azimuths, plus distance >>> # between Boston and Portland. >>> az12,az21,dist = g.inv(boston_lon,boston_lat,portland_lon,portland_lat) >>> "%7.3f %6.3f %12.3f" % (az12,az21,dist) '-66.531 75.654 4164192.708' >>> # compute latitude, longitude and back azimuth of Portland, >>> # given Boston lat/lon, forward azimuth and distance to Portland. >>> endlon, endlat, backaz = g.fwd(boston_lon, boston_lat, az12, dist) >>> "%6.3f %6.3f %13.3f" % (endlat,endlon,backaz) '45.517 -123.683 75.654' >>> # compute the azimuths, distances from New York to several >>> # cities (pass a list) >>> lons1 = 3*[newyork_lon]; lats1 = 3*[newyork_lat] >>> lons2 = [boston_lon, portland_lon, london_lon] >>> lats2 = [boston_lat, portland_lat, london_lat] >>> az12,az21,dist = g.inv(lons1,lats1,lons2,lats2) >>> for faz,baz,d in list(zip(az12,az21,dist)): "%7.3f %7.3f %9.3f" % (faz,baz,d) ' 54.663 -123.448 288303.720' '-65.463 79.342 4013037.318' ' 51.254 -71.576 5579916.651' >>> g2 = Geod('+ellps=clrk66') # use proj4 style initialization string >>> az12,az21,dist = g2.inv(boston_lon,boston_lat,portland_lon,portland_lat) >>> "%7.3f %6.3f %12.3f" % (az12,az21,dist) '-66.531 75.654 4164192.708'
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fwd(lons, lats, az, dist, radians=False)[源代码]¶ 正向转换-返回给定初始点的经度（lons）和纬度（lats）以及正向方位角（az）和距离（dist）的端点的经度、纬度和后方位角。初始点的纬度（lats），加上前方位角（az）和距离（dist）。
使用numpy和常规的python数组对象、python序列和scalar。
如果弧度=真，则lons/lats和方位角是弧度而不是度数。距离以米为单位。
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inv(lons1, lats1, lons2, lats2, radians=False)[源代码]¶ 逆变换-返回前向和后向方位角，以及初始点（由lons1、lats1指定）和终点（由lons2、lats2指定）之间的距离。
使用numpy和常规的python数组对象、python序列和scalar。
如果弧度=真，则lons/lats和方位角是弧度而不是度数。距离以米为单位。
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npts(lon1, lat1, lon2, lat2, npts, radians=False)[源代码]¶ 给定一个初始点和终点（由python floats lon1、lat1和lon2、lat2指定），返回一个经度/纬度对列表，描述初始点和终点之间沿测地线的NPT等间距中间点。
如果弧度=真，则lons/lats是弧度而不是度数。
示例用法：
>>> from pyproj import Geod >>> g = Geod(ellps='clrk66') # Use Clarke 1866 ellipsoid. >>> # specify the lat/lons of Boston and Portland. >>> boston_lat = 42.+(15./60.); boston_lon = -71.-(7./60.) >>> portland_lat = 45.+(31./60.); portland_lon = -123.-(41./60.) >>> # find ten equally spaced points between Boston and Portland. >>> lonlats = g.npts(boston_lon,boston_lat,portland_lon,portland_lat,10) >>> for lon,lat in lonlats: '%6.3f %7.3f' % (lat, lon) '43.528 -75.414' '44.637 -79.883' '45.565 -84.512' '46.299 -89.279' '46.830 -94.156' '47.149 -99.112' '47.251 -104.106' '47.136 -109.100' '46.805 -114.051' '46.262 -118.924' >>> # test with radians=True (inputs/outputs in radians, not degrees) >>> import math >>> dg2rad = math.radians(1.) >>> rad2dg = math.degrees(1.) >>> lonlats = g.npts(dg2rad*boston_lon,dg2rad*boston_lat,dg2rad*portland_lon,dg2rad*portland_lat,10,radians=True) >>> for lon,lat in lonlats: '%6.3f %7.3f' % (rad2dg*lat, rad2dg*lon) '43.528 -75.414' '44.637 -79.883' '45.565 -84.512' '46.299 -89.279' '46.830 -94.156' '47.149 -99.112' '47.251 -104.106' '47.136 -109.100' '46.805 -114.051' '46.262 -118.924'
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