与其他库集成

numpy和imagesurface

从numpy数组创建ImageSurface：

import numpy
import cairo

width, height = 255, 255
data = numpy.ndarray(shape=(height, width), dtype=numpy.uint32)
surface = cairo.ImageSurface.create_for_data(
    data, cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32, width, height)

从ImageSurface创建numpy数组：

import numpy
import cairo

width, height = 255, 255
surface = cairo.ImageSurface(cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32, width, height)
buf = surface.get_data()
data = numpy.ndarray(shape=(height, width),
                     dtype=numpy.uint32,
                     buffer=buf)

Pygame和ImageSurface

从ImageSurface创建pygame.image:

import pygame
import cairo

width, height = 255, 255
surface = cairo.ImageSurface(cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32, width, height)
buf = surface.get_data()
image = pygame.image.frombuffer(buf, (width, height), "ARGB")

Pyglet和ImageSurface作为纹理

创建皮格莱特。纹理从图像表面：

import ctypes
import cairo

from pyglet import app, clock, gl, image, window

# create data shared by ImageSurface and Texture
width, height = 400, 400

surface_data = (ctypes.c_ubyte * (width * height * 4))()
surface = cairo.ImageSurface.create_for_data (surface_data, cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32,
width, height, width * 4);
texture = image.Texture.create_for_size(gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D, width, height, gl.GL_RGBA)

绘制绑定到ImageSurface的Pyglet.Texture

window = window.Window(width=width, height=height)

@window.event
def on_draw():
    window.clear()

    # Draw texture backed by ImageSurface
    gl.glEnable(gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D)

    gl.glBindTexture(gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture.id)
    gl.glTexImage2D(gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, gl.GL_RGBA, width, height, 0, gl.GL_BGRA,
    gl.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
    surface_data)

    gl.glBegin(gl.GL_QUADS)
    gl.glTexCoord2f(0.0, 1.0)
    gl.glVertex2i(0, 0)
    gl.glTexCoord2f(1.0, 1.0)
    gl.glVertex2i(width, 0)
    gl.glTexCoord2f(1.0, 0.0)
    gl.glVertex2i(width, height)
    gl.glTexCoord2f(0.0, 0.0)
    gl.glVertex2i(0, height)
    gl.glEnd()

# call clock.schedule_update here to update the ImageSurface every frame
app.run()

枕头（PIL）和 Cairo

从PIL图像创建ImageSurface：

import PIL.Image as Image

def from_pil(im, alpha=1.0, format=cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32):
    """
    :param im: Pillow Image
    :param alpha: 0..1 alpha to add to non-alpha images
    :param format: Pixel format for output surface
    """
    assert format in (cairo.FORMAT_RGB24, cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32), "Unsupported pixel format: %s" % format
    if 'A' not in im.getbands():
        im.putalpha(int(alpha * 256.))
    arr = bytearray(im.tobytes('raw', 'BGRa'))
    surface = cairo.ImageSurface.create_for_data(arr, format, im.width, im.height)
    return surface


filename = 'test.jpeg'

# Open image to an ARGB32 ImageSurface
im = Image.open(filename)
surface1 = from_pil(im)

# Open image to an RGB24 ImageSurface
im = Image.open(filename)
surface2 = from_pil(im, format=cairo.FORMAT_RGB24)

# Open image to an ARGB32 ImageSurface, 50% opacity
im = Image.open(filename)
surface3 = from_pil(im, alpha=0.5, format=cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32)

弗里特派和 Cairo

示例请参见https://github.com/rougier/freetype-py/tree/master/examples。大部分 *-cairo.py 示例说明从freetype位图到cairo曲面的转换；这两个示例， glyph-vector-cairo.py 和 glyph-vector-2-cairo.py ，演示从freetype glyph轮廓到cairo路径的转换。

现代图像表面作为纹理（&I）

创建现代纹理从图像表面：

import moderngl
import cairo
ctx = moderngl.create_context(standalone=True)
width, height = 400, 400
surface = cairo.ImageSurface(cairo.FORMAT_ARGB32, width, height)
texture = ctx.texture((width, height), 4, data=surface.get_data())

在ModernGL项目中也可以找到一个例子：https://github.com/moderngl/moderngl/blob/master/examples/integration_pycairo.py