.. _chapter-wfs:

WFS-要素 Web 服务
=============================   
 
概述
------

WFS（OpenGIS® Web Feature Service）当前版本是 1.1.0。
WFS 标准定义了一些操作，这些操作允许用户在分布式的环境下通过 HTTP对空间数据进行查询、编辑等操作。

WFS 服务要求服务的接口必须由 XML 描述，另外数据交互必须由 GML 进行，数据过滤采用CQl [18]_ 语言。

种类与操作
----------------------

当一个客户端想要访问 WFS 服务时，一般会涉及到以下的流程：

1. 通过操作获取 WFS 服务支持的操作和要素类（Feature Type，可以理解为 WFS 中的数据集）。

2. （可能）通过操作获取 WFS 服务支持的要素类的定义。

3. 客户端发送某个操作的请求。

4. WFS 服务处理请求。

5. WFS 服务返回处理的结果和状态。

上面几个步骤中所提到的“操作”包括：

1. GetCapabilities（获取服务中的要素类及支持的操作）

2. DescribeFeatureType（描述要素类的信息）

3. GetFeature（获取要素）

4. GetGmlObject（通过 XLink 获取 GML 对象）

5. Transaction（创建、更新、删除数据的事务操作）

6. LockFeature（在事务过程中锁定要素）

但是，这些操作并不是必须全部实现，而是实现全部或部分。根据所支持的操作不同，WFS 可以分为 3 类：

1. Basic WFS（就是最常被提及的 WFS，必须支持 GetCapabilities/
DescribeFeatureType GetFeature 操作，在功能上意味着提供一个叧读的数据服务）

2. XLink WFS（必须在 Basic WFS 基础上加上 GetGmlObject 操作）

3. Transaction WFS（也有称为 WFS-T，必须在 Basic WFS 基础上加上
Transaction 操作以支持编辑数据，另外也可以加上 GetGmlObject/LockFeature
操作）关于服务涉及的基本元素，可以参考前面的章节：《服务涉及的基本元素》。

注意，在后面的内容中，服务的操作叧介绍 Basic WFS 和 Transaction WFS
中需要实现的操作，也就是说 GetCapabilities、DescribeFeatureType、
GetFeature 和 Transaction 操作。


GetCapabilities 操作
----------------------

1. KVP 格式请求
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

GetCapabilities 操作需要以下的参数：

+---------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   参数                    |   是否必须               |   默认值                 |
+---------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   SERVICE                 | 是                       | WFS                      |
+---------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   REQUEST=GetCapabilities | 是                       |                          |
|                           |                          |                          |
|                           |                          |                          |
+---------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+

以下是一个 WFS 使用 KVP 格式的 GetCapabilities 操作示例：

::

  http://www.someserver.com/wfs?
  SERVICE=WFS&
  REQUEST=GetCapabilities



2. XML 格式请求
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

以下是一个 WFS 使用 XML 格式的 GetCapabilities 操作示例：

::

  <?xml version="1.0" ?>

  <GetCapabilities service="WFS" xmlns="http://www.opengis.net/wfs"

  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.opengis.net/wfs ../wfs/1.1.0/WFS.xsd" />


3. 响应示例
~~~~~~~~~~~

以下是一个 WFS 的 GetCapabilities 操作的响应示例：

::

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <wfs:WFS_Capabilites xmlns:ows="http://www.opengis.net/ows"
    xmlns:ogc="http://www.opengis.net/ogc" xmlns:wfs="http://www.opengis.net/wfs"
    xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.opengis.net/wfs ../wfs.xsd" version="1.1.0"
    updateSequence="0">
    <ows:ServiceIdentification>
    <ows:ServiceType>WFSows:ServiceType>
    <ows:ServiceTypeVersion>1.1.0ows:ServiceTypeVersion>
    <ows:Title>OGC Member WFSows:Title>
    ...
    ows:ServiceIdentification>
    <ows:ServiceProvider>
    <ows:ProviderName>BlueOxows:ProviderName>
    <ows:ServiceContact>
    ...
    ows:ServiceContact>
    ows:ServiceProvider>
    <ows:OperationsMetadata>
    <ows:Operation name="GetCapabilities">
    ...
    ows:Operation>
    <ows:Operation name="DescribeFeatureType">
    ...
    ows:Operation>
    <ows:Operation name="GetFeature">
    ...
    ows:Operation>
    <ows:Operation name="GetFeatureWithLock">
    ...
    ows:Operation>
    <ows:Operation name="GetGMLObject">
    ...
    ows:Operation>
    <ows:Operation name="LockFeature">
    ...
    ows:Operation>
    <ows:Operation name="Transaction">
    ...
    ows:Operation>
    <ows:Parameter name="srsName">
    <ows:Value>EPSG:4326ows:Value>
    ows:Parameter>
    <ows:Constraint name="DefaultMaxFeatures">
    <ows:Value>10000ows:Value>
    ows:Constraint>
    ...
    ows:OperationsMetadata>
    <wfs:FeatureTypeList>
    <wfs:FeatureType xmlns:bo="http://www.BlueOx.org/BlueOx">
    <wfs:DefaultSRS>EPSG:62696405wfs:DefaultSRS>
    <wfs:OutputFormats>
    <wfs:Format>text/xml; subtype=gml/3.1.1wfs:Format>
    wfs:OutputFormats>
    <ows:WGS84BoundingBox>
    <ows:LowerCorner>-180 -90ows:LowerCorner>
    <ows:UpperCorner>180 90ows:UpperCorner>
    ows:WGS84BoundingBox>
    ...
    wfs:FeatureType>
    wfs:FeatureTypeList>
    <wfs:ServesGMLObjectTypeList>
    <wfs:GMLObjectType xmlns:bo="http://www.BlueOx.org/BlueOx">
    <wfs:Name>bo:OxTypewfs:Name>
    <wfs:Title>Babe's Lineagewfs:Title>
    <wfs:OutputFormats>
    <wfs:Format>text/xml; subtype=gml/3.1.1wfs:Format>
    <wfs:Format>text/xhmtlwfs:Format>
    wfs:OutputFormats>
    wfs:GMLObjectType>
    wfs:ServesGMLObjectTypeList>
    <wfs:SupportsGMLObjectTypeList>
    <wfs:GMLObjectType>
    <wfs:Name>gml:PointTypewfs:Name>
    <wfs:OutputFormats>
    <wfs:Format>text/xml; subtype=gml/3.1.1wfs:Format>
    <wfs:Format>text/xhtmlwfs:Format>
    wfs:OutputFormats>
    wfs:GMLObjectType>
    ...
    wfs:SupportsGMLObjectTypeList>
    <ogc:Filter_Capabilities>
    <ogc:Spatial_Capabilities>
    <ogc:GeometryOperands>
    <ogc:GeometryOperand>gml:Envelopeogc:GeometryOperand>
    <ogc:GeometryOperand>gml:Pointogc:GeometryOperand>
    <ogc:GeometryOperand>gml:LineStringogc:GeometryOperand>
    <ogc:GeometryOperand>gml:Polygonogc:GeometryOperand>
    ...
    ogc:GeometryOperands>
    <ogc:SpatialOperators>
    <ogc:SpatialOperator name="BBOX" />
    <ogc:SpatialOperator name="Equals" />
    <ogc:SpatialOperator name="Disjoint" />
    <ogc:SpatialOperator name="Intersects" />
    <ogc:SpatialOperator name="Touches" />
    <ogc:SpatialOperator name="Crosses" />
    <ogc:SpatialOperator name="Within" />
    <ogc:SpatialOperator name="Contains" />
    <ogc:SpatialOperator name="Overlaps" />
    <ogc:SpatialOperator name="Beyond" />
    ogc:SpatialOperators>
    ogc:Spatial_Capabilities>
    <ogc:Scalar_Capabilities>
    <ogc:LogicalOperators />
    <ogc:ComparisonOperators>
    <ogc:ComparisonOperator>LessThanogc:ComparisonOperator>
    <ogc:ComparisonOperator>GreaterThanogc:ComparisonOperator>
    <ogc:ComparisonOperator>LessThanEqualToogc:ComparisonOperator>
    <ogc:ComparisonOperator>GreaterThanEqualToogc:ComparisonOperator>
    <ogc:ComparisonOperator>EqualToogc:ComparisonOperator>
    <ogc:ComparisonOperator>NotEqualToogc:ComparisonOperator>
    <ogc:ComparisonOperator>Likeogc:ComparisonOperator>
    <ogc:ComparisonOperator>Betweenogc:ComparisonOperator>
    <ogc:ComparisonOperator>NullCheckogc:ComparisonOperator>
    ogc:ComparisonOperators>
    <ogc:ArithmeticOperators>
    <ogc:SimpleArithmetic />
    <ogc:Functions>
    <ogc:FunctionNames>
    <ogc:FunctionName nArgs="1">MINogc:FunctionName>
    <ogc:FunctionName nArgs="1">MAXogc:FunctionName>
    <ogc:FunctionName nArgs="1">SINogc:FunctionName>
    <ogc:FunctionName nArgs="1">COSogc:FunctionName>
    <ogc:FunctionName nArgs="1">TANogc:FunctionName>
    ogc:FunctionNames>
    ogc:Functions>
    ogc:ArithmeticOperators>
    ogc:Scalar_Capabilities>
    <ogc:Id_Capabilities>
    <ogc:EID />
    <ogc:FID />
    ogc:Id_Capabilities>
    ogc:Filter_Capabilities>
    wfs:WFS_Capabilites>


DescribeFeatureType 操作
--------------------------

1. KVP 格式请求
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

DescribeFeatureType 操作需要以下的参数：

+-------------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   参数                        |   是否必须               |   默认值                 |
+-------------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   VERSION                     | 是                       | 1.1.0                    |
+-------------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   SERVICE                     | 是                       | WFS                      |
+-------------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   REQUEST=DescribeFeatureType | 是                       |                          |
|                               |                          |                          |
|                               |                          |                          |
+-------------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   TYPENAME                    |                          |                          |
+-------------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   OUTPUTFORMAT                |                          | text/xml;                |
|                               |                          | subtype=gml/3.1.1        |
+-------------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+

以下是一个 WFS 使用 KVP 格式的 DescribeFeatureType 操作示例：

::

    http://www.someserver.com/wfs?
    SERVICE=WFS&
    VERSION=1.1.0&
    REQUEST=DescribeFeatureType&
    TYPENAME=TreesA_1M,BuiltUpA_1M





2. XML 格式请求
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

以下是一个 WFS 使用 XML 格式的 DescribeFeatureType 操作示例：

::

    <xml version="1.0" ?>
    <DescribeFeatureType
     version
    ="1.1.0"
     service
    ="WFS"


    outputFormat
    ="text/xml; subtype=gml/3.1.1"
     xmlns
    ="http://www.opengis.net/wfs"


    xmlns
    :myns
    ="http://www.myserver.com/myns"
     xmlns
    :xsi
    ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"


    xsi
    :schemaLocation
    ="http://www.opengis.net/wfs ../wfs/1.1.0/WFS.xsd"
    >


    <
    TypeName
    >
    myns:PersonTypeName
    >


    DescribeFeatureType
    >






3. 响应示例
~~~~~~~~~~~

以下是一个 WFS 的 DescribeFeatureType 操作的响应示例：

::

    xml version="1.0" ?>
    <
    wfs
    :FeatureCollection
    xmlns
    ="http://www.someserver.com/myns"
    xmlns
    :myns
    ="http://www.someserver.com/myns"
    xmlns
    :wfs
    ="http://www.opengis.net/wfs"
    xmlns
    :gml
    ="http://www.opengis.net/gml"
    xmlns
    :xsi
    ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi
    :schemaLocation
    ="http://www.opengis.net/wfs ../wfs/1.1.0/WFS.xsd
    http://www.someserver.com/myns ex10.xsd">
    <gml  :boundedBy>
    <gml  :Envelope >
    <gml :coord   >
    <gml :X   >
    10gml
    :X >
    <gml   :Y    >
    10gml    :Y    >
    gml
    :coord
    >
    <
    gml
    :coord
    >
    <
    gml
    :X
    >
    20gml
    :X
    >


    <
    gml
    :Y
    >
    20gml
    :Y
    >


    gml
    :coord
    >


    gml
    :Envelope
    >


    gml
    :boundedBy
    >


    <
    gml
    :featureMember
    >


    <
    Person
    >


    <
    myns
    :lastName
    >
    Smithmyns
    :lastName
    >


    <
    myns
    :firstName
    >
    Fredmyns
    :firstName
    >


    <
    myns
    :age
    >
    35myns
    :age
    >


    <
    myns
    :sex
    >
    Malemyns
    :sex
    >


    <
    myns
    :location
    >


    <
    gml
    :Point
    >


    <
    gml
    :pos
    >
    15 15gml
    :pos
    >


    gml
    :Point
    >


    myns
    :location
    >


    <
    myns
    :mailAddress
    >


    <
    myns
    :Address
    >


    <
    myns
    :streetName
    >
    Main St.myns
    :streetName
    >


    <
    myns
    :streetNumber
    >
    5myns
    :streetNumber
    >


    <
    myns
    :city
    >
    SomeCitymyns
    :city
    >


    <
    myns
    :province
    >
    Someprovincemyns
    :province
    >


    <
    myns
    :postalCode
    >
    X1X 1X1myns
    :postalCode
    >


    <
    myns
    :country
    >
    Canadamyns
    :country
    >


    <
    myns
    :Address
    >


    myns
    :mailAddress
    >


    Person
    >


    gml
    :featureMember
    >


    wfs
    :FeatureCollection
    >


GetFeature 操作
-----------------

1. KVP 格式请求
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

GetFeature 操作需要以下的参数：

+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   参数                   |   是否必须               |   默认值                 |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   VERSION                | 是                       | 1.1.0                    |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   SERVICE                | 是                       | WFS                      |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   REQUEST=GetFeature     | 是                       |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   TYPENAME               | 是                       |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   OUTPUTFORMAT           |                          | text/xml;                |
|                          |                          | subtype=gml/3.1.1        |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   BBOX                   |                          |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   FILTER                 |                          |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   SORTBY                 |                          |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   MAXFEATURES            |                          |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   PROPERTYNAME           |                          |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   SRSNAME                |                          |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   FEATUREID              |                          |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   EXPIRY                 |                          |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   RESULTTYPE             |                          | results                  |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   FEATUREVERSION         |                          |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+

以下是一个WFS使用KVP格式的GetFeature操作示例：

::

    http://www.someserver.com/wfs？
    SERVICE=WFS&
    VERSION=1.1.0&
    REQUEST=GetFeature&
    PROPERTYNAME=InWaterA_1M/wkbGeom,InWaterA_1M/tileId&
    TYPENAME=InWaterA_1M&
    FILTER=InWaterA_1M/wkbGeom
    10,10
    20 20



2.XML格式请求
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

以下是一个WFS使用XML格式的GetFeature操作示例：


::

    xml version="1.0" ?>
    <
    DescribeFeatureType
     version
    ="1.1.0"
     service
    ="WFS"


    outputFormat
    ="text/xml; subtype=gml/3.1.1"
     xmlns
    ="http://www.opengis.net/wfs"


    xmlns
    :myns
    ="http://www.myserver.com/myns"
     xmlns
    :xsi
    ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"


    xsi
    :schemaLocation
    ="http://www.opengis.net/wfs ../wfs/1.1.0/WFS.xsd"
    >


    <
    TypeName
    >
    myns:PersonTypeName
    >


    DescribeFeatureType
    >



3.响应示例
~~~~~~~~~~~

以下是一个WFS的GetFeature操作的响应示例：

::

    xml version="1.0" ?>


    <
    wfs
    :FeatureCollection
     xmlns
    ="http://www.someserver.com/myns"


    xmlns
    :myns
    ="http://www.someserver.com/myns"
     xmlns
    :wfs
    ="http://www.opengis.net/wfs"


    xmlns
    :gml
    ="http://www.opengis.net/gml"
     xmlns
    :xsi
    ="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"


    xsi
    :schemaLocation
    ="http://www.opengis.net/wfs ../wfs/1.1.0/WFS.xsd


    http://www.someserver.com/myns ex10.xsd"
    >


    <
    gml
    :boundedBy
    >


    <
    gml
    :Envelope
    >


    <
    gml
    :coord
    >


    <
    gml
    :X
    >
    10gml
    :X
    >


    <
    gml
    :Y
    >
    10gml
    :Y
    >


    gml
    :coord
    >


    <
    gml
    :coord
    >


    <
    gml
    :X
    >
    20gml
    :X
    >


    <
    gml
    :Y
    >
    20gml
    :Y
    >


    gml
    :coord
    >


    gml
    :Envelope
    >


    gml
    :boundedBy
    >


    <
    gml
    :featureMember
    >


    <
    Person
    >


    <
    myns
    :lastName
    >
    Smithmyns
    :lastName
    >


    <
    myns
    :firstName
    >
    Fredmyns
    :firstName
    >


    <
    myns
    :age
    >
    35myns
    :age
    >


    <
    myns
    :sex
    >
    Malemyns
    :sex
    >


    <
    myns
    :location
    >


    <
    gml
    :Point
    >


    <
    gml
    :pos
    >
    15 15gml
    :pos
    >


    gml
    :Point
    >


    myns
    :location
    >


    <
    myns
    :mailAddress
    >


    <
    myns
    :Address
    >


    <
    myns
    :streetName
    >
    Main St.myns
    :streetName
    >


    <
    myns
    :streetNumber
    >
    5myns
    :streetNumber
    >


    <
    myns
    :city
    >
    SomeCitymyns
    :city
    >


    <
    myns
    :province
    >
    Someprovincemyns
    :province
    >


    <
    myns
    :postalCode
    >
    X1X 1X1myns
    :postalCode
    >


    <
    myns
    :country
    >
    Canadamyns
    :country
    >


    <
    myns
    :Address
    >


    myns
    :mailAddress
    >


    Person
    >


    gml
    :featureMember
    >


    wfs
    :FeatureCollection
    >


Transaction 操作
------------------

1. KVP 格式请求
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Transaction 操作使用 KVP 格式请求目前叧支持 Delete（Insert 和 Update
必须通过 XML 格式请求发送）。Transaction 操作需要以下的参数：

+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   参数                   |   是否必须               |  默认值                  |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|    VERSION               |  是                      |  1.1.0                   |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   SERVICE                |  是                      |  WFS                     |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   REQUEST=Transaction    | 是                       |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|  OPERATION=Delete        | 是                       |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|  TYPENAME                | 是                       |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   RELEASEACTION          |                          |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   FILTER                 |                          |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   BBOX                   |                          |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+
|   FEATUREID              |                          |                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------+--------------------------+





以下是一个WFS使用KVP格式的Transaction操作示例：

::

    http://www.someserver.com/wfs?

    SERVICE=WFS&

    VERSION=1.1.0&

    REQUEST=Transaction&

    OPERATION=Delete&

    TYPENAME=InWaterA_1M,BuiltUpA_1M&

    FILTER=(<Filter><Within><PropertyName>InWaterA_1M/wkbGeom<PropertyName>

    <gml:Envelope>

    <gml:lowerCorner>10 10</gml:lowerCorner>

    <gml:upperCorner>20 20</gml:upperCorner></gml:Envelope></Within>

    </Filter>)(< Filter><Within><PropertyName>BuiltUpA_1M/wkbGeom

    <PropertyName><gml:Envelope><gml:lowerCorner>10 10</gml:lowerCorner>

    <gml:upperCorner>20,20</gml:upperCorner>

    </gml:Envelope></Within></Filter>)



2.XML格式请求
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

以下是一个WFS使用XML格式的Transaction操作示例：

::

    <?xml version="1.0" ?>

    <wfs:Transaction version="1.1.0" service="WFS"

    handle="Transaction 01" xmlns="http://www.someserver.com/myns"

    xmlns:wfs="http://www.opengis.net/wfs" xmlns:ogc="http://www.opengis.net/ogc"

    xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.someserver.com/myns

    http://www.someserver.com/wfs/cwwfs.cgi?

    request=DESCRIBEFEATURETYPE&amp;

    typename=ELEVP_1M,RoadL_1M,BuiltUpA_1M

    http://www.opengis.net/wfs ../wfs/1.1.0/WFS.xsd">

    <!--

    Create a new instance of feature type RoadL_1M which has complex

    properties segment and roadType.

    -->

    <wfs:Insert handle="ComplexInsert">

    <RoadL_1M>

    <name>Highway 401</name>

    <segement>

    <designation>SEG_A41</designation>

    <geometry>

    <gml:LineString gid="e3"

    srsName="http://www.opengis.net/gml/srs/epsg.xml#63266405">

    <gml:posList>...</gml:posList>

    </gml:LineString>

    </geometry>

    </segment>

    <roadType>

    <surfaceType>Asphalt</surfaceType>

    <nLanes>12</nLanes>

    <grade>15</grade>

    </roadType>

    </RoadL_1M>

    </wfs:Insert>

    <!--

    Update the designation of a particular range of segments which are now

    being collapsed into a single segment. The The filter uses an XPath

    expression to reference the designation property

    -->

    <wfs:Update typeName="RoadL_1M">

    <wfs:Property>

    <wfs:Name>RoadL_1M/segment/designation</wfs:Name>

    <wfs:Value>SEG_A60</wfs:Value>

    </wfs:Property>

    <ogc:Filter>

    <ogc:PropertyIsBetween>

    <ogc:PropertyName>RoadL_1M/segment/designation</ogc:PropertyName>

    <ogc:LowerBoundary>

    <ogc:Literal>SEG_A60</ogc:Literal>

    </ogc:LowerBoundary>

    <ogc:UpperBoundary>

    <ogc:Literal>SEG_A69</ogc:Literal>

    </ogc:UpperBoundary>

    </ogc:PropertyIsBetween>

    </ogc:Filter>

    </wfs:Update>

    <!-- Delete the feature instance BuiltUpA_1M.1013. -->

    <wfs:Delete typeName="BuiltUpA_1M">

    <ogc:Filter>

    <ogc:GmlObjectId gml:id="BuiltUpA_1M.1013" />

    </ogc:Filter>

    </wfs:Delete>

    </wfs:Transaction>




3.响应示例
~~~~~~~~~~~

以下是一个WFS的Transaction操作的响应示例：

::

  <?xml version="1.0" ?>

  <wfs:TransactionResponse version="1.1.0"

  xmlns:wfs="http://www.opengis.net/wfs" xmlns:ogc="http://www.opengis.net/ogc"

  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.opengis.net/wfs ../wfs/1.1.0/WFS.xsd">

  <wfs:TransactionSummary>

  <wfs:totalInserted>1</wfs:totalInserted>

  <wfs:totalUpdated>1</wfs:totalUpdated>

  <wfs:totalDeleted>1</wfs:totalDeleted>

  </wfs:TransactionSummary>

  <wfs:InsertResults>

  <wfs:Feature handle="ComplexInsert">

  <ogc:FeatureId fid="RoadL_1M.1553" />

  </wfs:Feature>

  <wfs:Feature handle="Statement 2">

  <ogc:FeatureId fid="RoadL_1M.509876" />

  </wfs:Feature>

  <wfs:Feature handle="Statement 2">

  <ogc:FeatureId fid="BuiltUpA_1M.509877" />

  </wfs:Feature>

  </wfs:InsertResults>

  </wfs:TransactionResponse>


ArcGISServer对WFS的支持
-----------------------------

ArcGISServer10中支持的WFS版本为最新的1.1.0。
在ArcGISServer 中，叧需简单地勾选的Capabilities选项卡中可以选择支持WFS，
如图 19。
如果勾选了Transaction复选框，那么通过该 WFS 还可以进行数据更新（注意，需要是SDE数据源）。

|image0|

图19 ArcGISServer发布WFS服务

现在我们在浏览器中执行一个GetFeature操作，查询名为“Beijing”的对象：

::

    http://localhost:8399/arcgis/services/test/wfsTest/MapServer/WFSServer?

    request=getfeature&

    typename=test_wfsTest:sde_cities&

    filter=(

    <ogc:Filter>

    <ogc:PropertyIsEqualTo>

    <ogc:PropertyName>CITY_NAME</ogc:PropertyName>

    <ogc:Literal>Beijing</ogc:Literal>

    </ogc:PropertyIsEqualTo>

    </ogc:Filter>

    )



这个操作返回如下的结果：

::

    <wfs:FeatureCollection

    xsi:schemaLocation='http://localhost:8399/arcgis/services/test/wfsTest/MapServer/WFSServer http://localhost:8399/arcgis/services/test/wfsTest/MapServer/WFSServer?request=DescribeFeatureType%26version=1.1.0%26typename=sde_cities http://www.opengis.net/wfs http://schemas.opengis.net/wfs/1.1.0/wfs.xsd'

    xmlns:test_wfsTest='http://localhost:8399/arcgis/services/test/wfsTest/MapServer/WFSServer'

    xmlns:gml='http://www.opengis.net/gml' xmlns:wfs='http://www.opengis.net/wfs'

    xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink' xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance'>

    <gml:boundedBy>

    <gml:Envelope srsName='urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG:6.9:4326'>

    <gml:lowerCorner>-86.002616990000007

    -176.15156363599999</gml:lowerCorner>

    <gml:upperCorner>102.93161888100001

    179.22188769499999</gml:upperCorner>

    </gml:Envelope>

    </gml:boundedBy>

    <gml:featureMember>

    <test_wfsTest:sde_cities gml:id='F3__474'>

    <test_wfsTest:OBJECTID>474</test_wfsTest:OBJECTID>

    <test_wfsTest:CITY_NAME>Beijing</test_wfsTest:CITY_NAME>

    <test_wfsTest:GMI_ADMIN>CHN-BJN</test_wfsTest:GMI_ADMIN>

    <test_wfsTest:ADMIN_NAME>Beijing</test_wfsTest:ADMIN_NAME>

    <test_wfsTest:FIPS_CNTRY>CH</test_wfsTest:FIPS_CNTRY>

    <test_wfsTest:CNTRY_NAME>China</test_wfsTest:CNTRY_NAME>

    <test_wfsTest:STATUS>National and provincial capital</test_wfsTest:STATUS>

    <test_wfsTest:POP_RANK>1</test_wfsTest:POP_RANK>

    <test_wfsTest:POP_CLASS>5,000,000 and greater</test_wfsTest:POP_CLASS>

    <test_wfsTest:PORT_ID>0</test_wfsTest:PORT_ID>

    <test_wfsTest:LABEL_FLAG>1</test_wfsTest:LABEL_FLAG>

    <test_wfsTest:NEAR_FID>40</test_wfsTest:NEAR_FID>

    <test_wfsTest:NEAR_DIST>185.74736243999999</test_wfsTest:NEAR_DIST>

    <test_wfsTest:Shape>

    <gml:Point>

    <gml:pos>39.906189088000019 116.38803663600004</gml:pos>

    </gml:Point>

    </test_wfsTest:Shape>

    </test_wfsTest:sde_cities>

    </gml:featureMember>

    </wfs:FeatureCollection>



接着，我想删掉这个对象，就要使用 Transaction 操作。在 ArcGISServer 中，执行删除之前还需要 lockId 属性，
因此还需要通过 GetFeatureWithLock 操作获取一个锁：

::

    http://localhost:8399/arcgis/services/test/wfsTest/MapServer/WFSServer?
    request=getfeaturewithlock&
    typename=test_wfsTest:sde_cities&
    filter=(
    <ogc:Filter>
    <ogc:PropertyIsEqualTo>
    <ogc:PropertyName>CITY_NAME</ogc:PropertyName>
    <ogc:Literal>Beijing</ogc:Literal>
    </ogc:PropertyIsEqualTo>
    </ogc:Filter>
    )

这个操作返回lockId值为"{CEBC222E-00AD-49F5-A0E9-9F4CB98EE07E}"，接下来，我们通过一个POST请求对这个对象进行删除，请求体内容如下：

::

    <wfs:Transaction version="1.1.0" service="WFS"

    xmlns="http://www.someserver.com/myns"

    xmlns:wfs="http://www.opengis.net/wfs" xmlns:ogc="http://www.opengis.net/ogc"

    xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">

    <wfs:LockId>{CEBC222E-00AD-49F5-A0E9-9F4CB98EE07E}</wfs:LockId>

    <wfs:Delete typeName="test_wfsTest:sde_cities">

    <ogc:Filter>

    <ogc:GmlObjectId gml:id="F3__474" />

    </ogc:Filter>

    </wfs:Delete>

    </wfs:Transaction>



删除成功后将会返回如下的结果：

::

    <wfs:TransactionResponse version='1.1.0'

    xmlns:xs='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema' xmlns:gml='http://www.opengis.net/gml'

    xmlns:ogc='http://www.opengis.net/ogc' xmlns:wfs='http://www.opengis.net/wfs'>

    <wfs:TransactionSummary>

    <wfs:totalDeleted>1</wfs:totalDeleted>

    </wfs:TransactionSummary>

    </wfs:TransactionResponse>




我们也可以在其它的客户端中直接加载这个WFS服务，比如使用uDig：

|image1|

图20uDig中加载ArcGISServer发布的WFS服务



.. |image0| image:: image083_xpe.jpg

.. |image1| image:: image085_xcf.jpg


.. [18] OGC Common Query Language，参考《OGC Catalogue Service 2.0.2》标准的 6.2 章节。