boltons.typeutils 源代码

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# Copyright (c) 2013, Mahmoud Hashemi
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"""Python's built-in :mod:`functools` module builds several useful
utilities on top of Python's first-class function support.
``typeutils`` attempts to do the same for metaprogramming with types
and instances.
"""
import sys
from collections import deque

_issubclass = issubclass


[文档] def make_sentinel(name='_MISSING', var_name=None): """Creates and returns a new **instance** of a new class, suitable for usage as a "sentinel", a kind of singleton often used to indicate a value is missing when ``None`` is a valid input. Args: name (str): Name of the Sentinel var_name (str): Set this name to the name of the variable in its respective module enable pickleability. Note: pickleable sentinels should be global constants at the top level of their module. >>> make_sentinel(var_name='_MISSING') _MISSING The most common use cases here in boltons are as default values for optional function arguments, partly because of its less-confusing appearance in automatically generated documentation. Sentinels also function well as placeholders in queues and linked lists. .. note:: By design, additional calls to ``make_sentinel`` with the same values will not produce equivalent objects. >>> make_sentinel('TEST') == make_sentinel('TEST') False >>> type(make_sentinel('TEST')) == type(make_sentinel('TEST')) False """ class Sentinel(object): def __init__(self): self.name = name self.var_name = var_name def __repr__(self): if self.var_name: return self.var_name return '%s(%r)' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.name) if var_name: def __reduce__(self): return self.var_name def __nonzero__(self): return False __bool__ = __nonzero__ if var_name: frame = sys._getframe(1) module = frame.f_globals.get('__name__') if not module or module not in sys.modules: raise ValueError('Pickleable sentinel objects (with var_name) can only' ' be created from top-level module scopes') Sentinel.__module__ = module return Sentinel()
[文档] def issubclass(subclass, baseclass): """Just like the built-in :func:`issubclass`, this function checks whether *subclass* is inherited from *baseclass*. Unlike the built-in function, this ``issubclass`` will simply return ``False`` if either argument is not suitable (e.g., if *subclass* is not an instance of :class:`type`), instead of raising :exc:`TypeError`. Args: subclass (type): The target class to check. baseclass (type): The base class *subclass* will be checked against. >>> class MyObject(object): pass ... >>> issubclass(MyObject, object) # always a fun fact True >>> issubclass('hi', 'friend') False """ try: return _issubclass(subclass, baseclass) except TypeError: return False
[文档] def get_all_subclasses(cls): """Recursively finds and returns a :class:`list` of all types inherited from *cls*. >>> class A(object): ... pass ... >>> class B(A): ... pass ... >>> class C(B): ... pass ... >>> class D(A): ... pass ... >>> [t.__name__ for t in get_all_subclasses(A)] ['B', 'D', 'C'] >>> [t.__name__ for t in get_all_subclasses(B)] ['C'] """ try: to_check = deque(cls.__subclasses__()) except (AttributeError, TypeError): raise TypeError('expected type object, not %r' % cls) seen, ret = set(), [] while to_check: cur = to_check.popleft() if cur in seen: continue ret.append(cur) seen.add(cur) to_check.extend(cur.__subclasses__()) return ret
[文档] class classproperty(object): """Much like a :class:`property`, but the wrapped get function is a class method. For simplicity, only read-only properties are implemented. """ def __init__(self, fn): self.fn = fn def __get__(self, instance, cls): return self.fn(cls)